Author Topic: Honour, strength, courage -> τιμή ῥώμη θάρρος  (Read 7067 times)

spiros

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Re: Honour, strength, courage -> τιμή, ῥώμη, θάρρος
« Reply #15 on: 05 Oct, 2011, 13:31:16 »
Indeed.

ευψυχία η [efpsixía] Ο25 : (συνήθ. σε ρητορικό ύφος) τόλμη, γενναιότητα. [λόγ. < αρχ. εὐψυχία]
Λεξικό της κοινής νεοελληνικής του ιδρύματος Μανόλη Τριανταφυλλίδη


Tzatziki

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Re: Honour, strength, courage -> τιμή, ῥώμη, θάρρος
« Reply #16 on: 05 Oct, 2011, 13:53:38 »
Is εὐψυχία considered feminine or does it not matter? I am a male and I would like this as a tattoo as it seems to have more of a specific meaning to my life than θάρρος does.

billberg23

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Re: Honour, strength, courage -> τιμή, ῥώμη, θάρρος
« Reply #17 on: 05 Oct, 2011, 17:10:56 »
In terms of grammatical gender (which has nothing to do with natural gender), εὐψυχία is feminine.  In terms of its history, it's probably the most famous of all words for courage, since it was consecrated and immortalized (in its adjectival form εὔψυχον) in Thucydides' renowned quotation of Pericles, "Happiness depends on freedom, and freedom depends on courage."  See http://www.translatum.gr/forum/index.php?topic=10337.0
« Last Edit: 05 Oct, 2011, 17:19:26 by billberg23 »
Τί δέ τις; Τί δ' οὔ τις; Σκιᾶς ὄναρ ἄνθρωπος. — Πίνδαρος


Tzatziki

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Re: Honour, strength, courage -> τιμή, ῥώμη, θάρρος
« Reply #18 on: 07 Oct, 2011, 11:39:25 »
I have a few more questions for you guys. Apologies for the beginner questions. I've been studying Ancient Greek quite a bit lately still thinking of various tattoo ideas that represent my culture and my life experiences. I keep coming back to the word "courage" However, there seems to be so many different ways of using this word? If I were to think, "Have courage." as in, telling myself to always have courage/be courageous(brave),  I guess as a verb, which word would I use? I find both, θαρρεῖν  and   θαρσέω  which is correct?

billberg23

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Re: Honour, strength, courage -> τιμή, ῥώμη, θάρρος
« Reply #19 on: 07 Oct, 2011, 15:56:20 »
They are both forms of the same verb.  θαρρεῖν means "to have courage," while θαρσέω means "I am having courage."  The first (θαρρεῖν) would be most appropriate for giving yourself an order in Greek, "Have courage."   

Tzatziki

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Re: Honour, strength, courage -> τιμή, ῥώμη, θάρρος
« Reply #20 on: 07 Oct, 2011, 23:39:53 »
Awesome. Thank you.
Would it matter with the spelling in terms of the "rho"? Is it okay to use fonts that appear as a p, or try to use fonts that only show ϱ? I am assuming they are just as accurate but I want to make sure.


billberg23

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Re: Honour, strength, courage -> τιμή, ῥώμη, θάρρος
« Reply #21 on: 08 Oct, 2011, 07:15:32 »
Choose the font whose alphabet pleases you overall.  It's your skin, man.

Tzatziki

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Re: Honour, strength, courage -> τιμή, ῥώμη, θάρρος
« Reply #22 on: 10 Nov, 2011, 00:01:16 »
Billberg, in what context does θάρσος mean?

billberg23

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Re: Honour, strength, courage -> τιμή, ῥώμη, θάρρος
« Reply #23 on: 10 Nov, 2011, 00:46:30 »
Billberg, in what context does θάρσος mean?
Do you mean, "In what context is θάρσος used"?
The word θάρσος is just an alternative (non-Attic) spelling of θάρρος.  Here's what Liddel-Scott-Jones' authoritative Greek Lexicon (also known as "LSJ") has to say:
θάρσος, Att. θάρρος, Aeol. θέρσος (q.v.), εος, τό, (θρασύς)
courage, Il.6.126; θ. τινός courage to do a thing, A.Ch.91, S.OC48: c. gen., courage against . . , πολεμίων Pl.Lg.647b; πρὸς τοὺς πολεμίους X.Cyr. 4.2.15; θ. ἴσχε take courage! S.Ph.807; θ. ἔχειν περί τινος Id.El.412; φρεσὶ θ. ἀέξειν Hes.Sc.96; αἴρειν πρός τι E.IA1598; λαβεῖν Act.Ap. 28.15; but θ. ἔλαβέ τινας Th.2.92; θ. ἐμπνέειν Od.9.381; ἐνὶ φρεσὶ θεῖναι 3.76; τῷ δ' ἐνὶ θυμῷ θῆκε . . θ. 1.321; ἐν κραδίῃ βάλλειν Il.21.547; παρασχεῖν, ἐμποιεῖν τινι, Th.6.68, X.An.6.5.17; θ. ἐγγίγνεται, ἐμπίπτει τινί, Id.Cyr.4.2.15, HG7.1.31; ἐμφύσεται Id.Cyr.5.2.32; οὔτ' ἐλπίδος γὰρ οὔτε του δόξης ὁρῶ θ. παρ' ἡμῖν ὡς . . E.Hec.371: pl., φόβοι καὶ θάρρη Arist.EN1107a33, cf. Pl.Prt.360b.
that which gives courage, ὀλολυγμόν . . , θάρσος φίλοις A.Th.270, cf. 184: pl., θάρση grounds of confidence, E.IT1281 (lyr.).
rarely in bad sense, = θράσος, audacity, θάρσος ἄητον ἔχουσα Il.21.395; μυίης θάρσος ἐνὶ στήθεσσιν ἐνῆκεν the reckless persistence of a fly, 17.570.

Tzatziki

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Re: Honour, strength, courage -> τιμή, ῥώμη, θάρρος
« Reply #24 on: 10 Nov, 2011, 01:08:28 »
Oh sorry, I thought I wrote the rest of the question regarding the context. You answered my question though.
Thanks for the information! I found it interesting that it means audacity (rarely) what is the history behind that?

billberg23

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Re: Honour, strength, courage -> τιμή, ῥώμη, θάρρος
« Reply #25 on: 10 Nov, 2011, 02:09:27 »
I found it interesting that it means audacity (rarely) what is the history behind that?
LSJ refers to two passages from Homer's Iliad (17.570 and 21.395) in which the word has a meaning close to the slightly different, but related, word θράσος.  Here is how θράσος is defined in LSJ :   
in bad sense, over-boldness, rashness, insolence, ἐς τοῦτο θράσεος (v.l. θάρσεος) ἀνήκει Hdt.7.9.γ', cf. A.Pr.42, D.21.194, etc.; παμμάχῳ θράσει βρύων A.Ag.169(lyr.), cf. Pers.831; προβᾶσ' ἐπ' ἔσχατον θράσους S.Ant.853(lyr.); τόλμαις καὶ φρενῶν θράσει Id.Aj.46; πεπύργωσαι θράσει E.Or.1568; πανουργίᾳ τε καὶ θράσει Ar. Eq.331, cf. 637; θράσει ἀπίστῳ ἐπαιρόμενος Th.1.120; τοῦ θράσους ἐπισχεῖν τινα Pl.Hp.Ma.298a; τὸ τὴν τοῦ βελτίονος δόξαν μὴ φοβεῖσθαι διὰ θράσος Id.Lg.701b; ἀναίδεια καὶ θ. Aeschin.1.189; opp. αἰδώς, Arist.Cael.291b26; θράσος μὲν γάρ ἐστιν ἄλογος ὁρμή, θάρσος δὲ ἔλλογος ὁρμή Ammon.Diff.p.71 V.; οἷον πέπονθε τὸ θάρσος πρὸς τὸ θράσος Arist.EE1234b12, cf. Eus.Mynd.56, Luc.Musc.Enc.5.—This distn. holds good in Att. Prose: θάρσος is not found in Com.; θαρσύνω and θρασύνω are used indifferently; θρασέω and θαρσύς are not found; cf. θρασύς fin., θρασύτης.

Tzatziki

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Re: Honour, strength, courage -> τιμή, ῥώμη, θάρρος
« Reply #26 on: 10 Nov, 2011, 04:11:43 »
Thanks for the information. The Greek language is so precise and incredible!

bluhaze11

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strength and honor
« Reply #27 on: 16 Mar, 2012, 04:43:50 »
I would like to know the different words for strength and honor, their definitions, and what they look like in Greek, both lower case and upper case. Is there anyone that can help me out with this please?

billberg23

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Re: strength and honor
« Reply #28 on: 16 Mar, 2012, 07:23:50 »
This is a no-brainer for our search engine (above).  Try it first, as recommended in The Rules (click at top of page).  If that doesn't do the trick, wade through this:  http://www.translatum.gr/forum/index.php?topic=1778.msg8093#msg8093
« Last Edit: 16 Mar, 2012, 07:28:38 by billberg23 »

mavrodon

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Re: Honour, strength, courage -> τιμή ῥώμη θάρρος
« Reply #29 on: 16 Mar, 2012, 07:49:22 »
Courage can be translated in Greek as "κουράγιο", a word derived from Italian coraggio and the Latin cor, which is derived from the Greek word for "heart" (καρδία, καρδιά). Therefore, κουράγιο is one of the many repatriated loans (emprunts aller-retour in French).  See:
κουράγιο το (ουσιαστικό άκλιτο) [ ΕΤΥΜΟΛΟΓΙΑ : ιταλ. λ. coraggio = θάρρος, αντοχή]
το θάρρος, η τόλμη: "το κουράγιο της είναι αξιοθαύμαστο" αντίθετα: λιποψυχία, ατολμία
η αντοχή στα δεινά, στις δυσκολίες της ζωής
(ειδ. φρ.) α) "δίνω κουράγιο", ενθαρρύνω, β) "παίρνω κουράγιο", ενθαρρύνομαι, γ) "κάνω κουράγιο", προσπαθώ να διατηρήσω το θάρρος, την ψυχραιμία μου
Source: http://webcache.googleusercontent.com/search?hl=el&gbv=2&gs_sm=12&gs_upl=4337l20778l0l22463l24l24l2l13l13l0l234l1515l0.5.3l8l0&q=cache:SYVnFwmxEOIJ:http://www.livepedia.gr/index.php/%CE%9A%CE%BF%CF%85%CF%81%CE%AC%CE%B3%CE%B9%CE%BF+%CE%BA%CE%BF%CF%85%CF%81%CE%AC%CE%B3%CE%B9%CE%BF+%CE%B5%CF%84%CF%85%CE%BC%CE%BF%CE%BB%CE%BF%CE%B3%CE%AF%CE%B1&ct=clnk.
« Last Edit: 16 Mar, 2012, 08:08:57 by mavrodon »