« on: 21 Feb, 2010, 19:32:39 »
matière première -> raw material
Une matière première est une matière extraite de la nature (ressource naturelle), ou produite par elle, utilisée dans la production de produits finis ou comme source d'énergie. Pour celles destinées à l'alimentation, on parle plutôt de denrées
Exemples : pétrole, blé, gaz naturel, minerais, riz, maïs, sable (pour le verre ou le silicium pour circuit intégré), potasse, caoutchouc...
Les matières premières demandent généralement un premier traitement ou affinage (passer du minerai au métal, ou de la betterave - ou de la canne - au sucre, par exemple) et sont considérées comme des consommations intermédiaires dans le processus de production.
Wikipédia
A raw material is something that is acted upon or used by or by human labor or industry, for use as a building material to create some product or structure.[citation needed] Often the term is used to denote material that came from nature and is in an unprocessed or minimally processed state. Iron ore, logs, and crude oil, would be examples. A non-human related raw material would include twigs and found objects as used by birds to make nests.
In Marxian economics and some industries, the term is used in a distinct sense: raw material is a 'subject of labor', something that will be worked on by labor that has already undergone some alteration by labour. In other words it does not apply to materials in their entirely unprocessed state. Some examples are dimensional lumber, glass and steel.
English version of Wikipedia
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