Does anyone know if there is actually a quote like "The whole is more/greater than the sum of its parts", or is it just the summary of a part of the book? And, if that quote exists, can anyone tell how it was written originally?
The quotation "The whole is more/greater than the sum of its parts" is misleading when applied to Aristotle, akaralar. Aristotle is talking about defining something as a whole rather than as a "heap" or "aggregate" (σωρὸς) of its parts. The English might be misunderstood as claiming that the whole is somehow "bigger" than its parts, but in fact Aristotle meant simply that the whole cannot be defined only as the sum of its parts. In Greek (Meta. 1045a, line 10) it's ἔστι τι τὸ ὅλον παρὰ τὰ μόρια literally, "The whole is something besides its parts."
If you're looking for something less obvious and more transcendent, try Hesiod,
Works and Days 40: "The half is more than the whole" πλέον ἥμισυ παντός, which has to do with equity in the archaic Greek legal system.