Translation - Μετάφραση

Translation Assistance => English→Modern Greek Translation Forum => Idioms/Expressions/Slang => Topic started by: spiros on 20 Jul, 2008, 20:38:44

Title: cronyism → νεποτισμός
Post by: spiros on 20 Jul, 2008, 20:38:44
cronyism → νεποτισμός (αντ. meritocracy / αξιοκρατία)

Cronyism (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cronyism) is partiality to long-standing friends, especially by appointing them to positions of authority, regardless of their qualifications. Hence, cronyism is contrary in practice and principle to meritocracy. Cronyism exists when the appointer and the beneficiary are in social contact; often, the appointer is inadequate to hold his or her own job or position of authority, and for this reason the appointer appoints individuals who will not try to weaken him or her, or express views contrary to those of the appointer. Politically, "cronyism" is derogatorily used. The word "crony" first appeared in 18th century London, believed by many to be derived from the Greek word χρόνιος (chronios), meaning "long-term", however, crony appears in the 1811 edition of Grose's Vulgar Tongue with a decidedly non-collegiate definition, placing it firmly in the cant of the underworld.[1] A less likely source is the Irish Language term Comh-Roghna (pron. ko-ronə), which translates to "close pals", or mutual friends.

Governments are particularly susceptible to accusations of cronyism, as they spend public money. Many democratic governments are encouraged to practice administrative transparency in accounting and contracting, however, there often is no clear delineation of when an appointment to government office is "cronyism". It is not unusual for a politician to surround him- or herself with highly-qualified subordinates, and to develop social, business, or political friendships leading to the appointment to office of friends, likewise in granting government contracts. In fact, the counsel of such friends is why the officeholder successfully obtained his or her powerful position — therefore, cronyism usually is easier to perceive than to demonstrate and prove.

νεποτισμός ο [nepotizmós] O17 : η εκμετάλλευση των δυνατοτήτων που δίνει σε κπ. η θέση που κατέχει, για να εξασφαλίσει σε συγγενείς και φίλους αξιώματα, δημόσιες θέσεις κτλ.· (πρβ. οικογενειοκρατία): Mε την ευνοιοκρατία και το νεποτισμό καταργείται κάθε έννοια αξιοκρατίας.   [λόγ. < γαλλ. népotisme < ιταλ. nepotismo `εύνοια προς τους ανεψιούς, νεποτισμός΄ (-isme, -ismo = -ισμός)]