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The Piano Concerto No. 3 in D minor, Op. 30 by Sergei Rachmaninoff (colloquially known as the "Rach 3") is famous for its technical and musical demands on the performer. It has the reputation of being one of the most difficult concertos in the standard piano repertoire.
Following the form of a standard concerto, the piece is in three movements:
1. Allegro ma non tanto (D minor)
2. Intermezzo: Adagio (F sharp minor/D flat major)
3. Finale: Alla breve (D minor → D major)
The third movement follows the second without pause. A typical performance of the concerto lasts about forty minutes.
History
Proofing copies of the concerto (1910)
Proofing copies of the concerto (1910)
Written in the peaceful setting of his family's country estate, Ivanovka, Rachmaninoff completed the concerto on September 23, 1909. Contemporary with this work are his First Piano Sonata and his tone poem The Isle of the Dead.
The concerto is respected, even feared, by most pianists. Józef Hofmann, the pianist to whom the work is dedicated, never publicly performed it, saying that it "wasn't for" him (though this must have been for reasons other than the work's technical difficulty, since Hofmann was one of the greatest technicians in pianistic history). And Gary Graffman lamented he had not learned this concerto as a student, when he was "still too young to know fear".[1]
Due to time constraints, Rachmaninoff could not practice the piece while in Russia. Instead, he practiced it on a silent keyboard that he took with him on the ship to the US.
The concerto was first performed on November 28, 1909 by Rachmaninoff himself with the now-defunct New York Symphony Society with Walter Damrosch conducting, at the New Theater (later rechristened the Century Theater). It received a second performance under Gustav Mahler several weeks later, an 'experience Rachmaninoff treasured' [1]. The manuscript was first published in 1910 by Gutheil. The first performance in England was given by G T Ball (later Sir George Thalben-Ball) at the Royal College of Music in London.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Piano_Concerto_No._3_%28Rachmaninoff%29