Το translatum ως σουπίνο (supinum) του ρήματος transfero

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Δυο λόγια για το translatum ως σουπίνο (supinum) του ρήματος transfero.

Το απλό ρήμα είναι  fero (και οι χρόνοι του είναι: Ενεστώτας: fĕro, Παρακείμενος: tuli, Σουπίνο: latum, Απαρέμφατο: ferre) = φέρω

Το σύνθετο ρήμα είναι trans-fero (και οι χρόνοι του είναι: Ενεστώτας: transfĕro, Παρακείμενος: transtŭli, Σουπίνο: translātum, Απαρέμφατο: transferre) = μεταφέρω, μεταβιβάζω, μεταφράζω.

Το σουπίνο έχει μόνο ενικό αριθμό και δύο πτώσεις: αιτιατική με κατάληξη -um και αφαιρετική με κατάληξη -u. Δίνεται δε πάντα στην αιτιατική. H αιτιατική του σουπίνου ταυτίζεται μορφολογικά με την αιτιατική του αρσενικού και με την ονομαστική και αιτιατική του ουδετέρου της παθητικής μετοχής -us, -a, -um . H αιτιατική του σουπίνου χρησιμοποιούνταν με ρήματα κίνησης για να δηλώσει σκοπό και ισοδυναμούσε με αρχαιοελληνική μετοχή μέσου Μέλλοντα. Έτσι, λοιπόν:

translatum -> μεταφρασόμενος,-η,-ον (μετ. μεσ. Μέλλοντα του μεταφράζω), μεταφρασμένο (αιτ. αρσ.), μεταφρασμένο (ονομ. & αιτ. ουδ.).

Συχνό ρήμα κίνησης ήταν το ρήμα eo (= εἶμι, έρχομαι, πορεύομαι).

eo translatum -> εἶμι μεταφρασόμενος -> πάω να μεταφραστώ, πάω για μετάφραση

Και ως ερώτηση (ελεύθερα):
translatum? -> είναι για μετάφραση, πάμε να το μεταφράσουμε, είσαι για μετάφραση;

[spiros]

transfĕro, tŭli, lātum (also written trālātum), ferre, v. a.,
I to bear across; to carry or bring over; to convey over, transport, transfer(syn.: traduco, traicio).
I Lit.
   A In gen.: cadum modo hinc a me huc cum vino transferam, Plaut. Stich. 5, 1, 7: hoc (simulacrum Dianae) translatum Carthaginem, Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 33, § 72: mustela catulos suos cottidie transfert mutatque sedem, Plin. 29, 4, 16, § 59: Caesar paulo ultra eum locum castra transtulit, Caes. B. C. 3, 66: castra trans Peneum, Liv. 42, 60, 3: castra Baetim, Auct. B. Alex. 60, 5: signa ex statione, Caes. B. C. 1, 60: signa, id. ib. 1, 74: ad se ornamenta ex his (hortis), Cic. Phil. 3, 12, 30: copias in Boeotiam, Just. 2, 14, 3.— Of personal objects: illinc huc transferetur virgo, Ter. Ad. 4, 7, 13: Naevius trans Alpes usque transfertur, Cic. Quint. 3, 12; cf.: ex hoc hominum numero in impiorum partem atque in parricidarum coetum ac numerum transferetis? id. Sull. 28, 77: o Venus ... vocantis Ture te multo Glycerae decoram Transfer in aedem,transport thyself, Hor. C. 1, 30, 4.—
   B In partic.   1    Botanical t. t., of plants, to transplant; to transfer by grafting (syn. transero): semina, quae transferuntur e terrā in terram, Varr. R. R. 1, 39, 3; cf. id. ib. 1, 40, 4; Col. Arb. 1, 5; 20, 2: videndum quā ex arbore in quam transferatur, Varr. R. R. 1, 40, 5; 1, 41, 1: omnia translata meliora grandioraque fiunt, Plin. 19, 12, 60, § 183.—   2    To transfer by writing from one book into another; to copy, transcribe(syn. transcribo): litterae ... de tabulis in libros transferuntur, Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 77, § 189; so, rationes in tabulas, id. Rosc. Com. 3, 8: de tuo edicto in meum totidem verbis, id. Fam. 3, 8, 4: versus translati, Suet. Ner. 52.—   3    To carry along, carry in public, bear in triumph (rare): triduum triumphavit. Die primo arma tela signaque aerea et marmorea transtulit, Liv.34, 52, 4: in eo triumpho XLIX. coronae aureae translatae sunt, id. 37, 58, 4:tantundem auri atque argenti in eo triumpho translatum, id. 39, 42, 4:transtulit in triumpho multa militaria signa spoliaque alia, id. 45, 43, 4: cum in triumpho Caesaris eborea oppida essent translata, Quint. 6, 3, 61.—
II Trop.
   A In gen., to convey, direct, transport, transfer: in Celtiberiam bellum transferre, Caes. B. C. 1, 61: cum videat omne ad se bellum translatum, id.B. G. 7, 8; Liv. 3, 68, 13: concilium Lutetiam, Caes. B. G. 6, 3: disciplina in Britannia reperta atque inde in Galliam translata esse existimatur, id. ib. 6, 13: sed, si placet, sermonem alio transferamus, turn, direct, Cic. de Or. 1, 29, 133: translatos alio maerebis amores, Hor. Epod. 15, 23: amorem huc,Ter. Hec. 1, 2, 94: amorem In mares, Ov. M. 10, 84: similitudinem ab oculis ad animum, Cic. Off. 1, 4, 14: animum ad accusandum, id. Mur. 22, 46: quod ab Ennio positum in unā re transferri in multas potest, id. Off. 1, 16, 51:definitionem in aliam rem, id. Ac. 2, 14, 43: hoc idem transfero in magistratus, id. Verr. 2, 2, 51, § 126: nihil est enim, quod de suo genere in aliud genus transferri possit, id. Ac. 2, 16, 50: culpam in alios, id. Font. 4, 8;id. Att. 15, 28: transferendi in nos criminis causa, id. Sest. 38, 82: suscepere duo manipulares imperium populi Romani transferendum et transtulerunt,Tac. H. 1, 25: invidiam criminis, i. e. to avert from one's self, id. A. 2, 66: ut quisque obvius, quamvis leviter audita in alios transferunt, id. ib. 2, 82: in jus Latii nationes Alpium, id. ib. 15, 32: ad se Lacedaemonii arma, Just. 5, 1, 8;38, 1, 8.—With se, to turn one's attention, devote one's self: se ad artes componendas, Cic. Brut. 12, 48: se ad album et rubricas, Quint. 12, 3, 11: se ad genus dicendi, Tac. Or. 19.—In eccl. Lat., to remove from the world without death: translatus in paradisum, Vulg. Ecclus. 44, 16; id. Heb. 11, 5.—
   B In partic.   1    To put off, postpone, defer, in respect of time (syn.: differo, prolato): causa haec integra in proximum annum transferetur, Cael. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 9, 2: subito reliquit annum suum seseque in proximum annum transtulit, i. e.postponed his suit, Cic. Mil. 9, 24.—   2    Of speaking or writing.
   a To translate into another language (cf.: verto, reddo, interpretor, exprimo): istum ego locum totidem verbis a Dicaearcho transtuli, Cic. Att. 6, 2, 3; cf.: si ad eorum cognitionem divina illa ingenia transferrem ... locos quidem quosdam transferam, et maxime ab iis quos modo nominavi, id. Fin. 1, 3, 7: analogia, quam proxime ex Graeco transferentes in Latinum proportionem vocaverunt,Quint. 1, 6, 3: qui haec ex Graeco transtulerunt, id. 2, 15, 21: volumina in linguam Latinam, Plin. 18, 3, 5, § 22: quod Cicero his verbis transfert, etc.,Quint. 5, 11, 27: κατ ἀντίληψιν Latine ad verbum translatum non invenio, id.7, 4, 4; 7, 4, 7: simul quae legentem fefellissent, transferentem fugere non possunt, Plin. Ep. 7, 9, 2.—
   b To transfer to a secondary or figurative signification, to use figuratively ortropically: utemur verbis aut iis, quae propria sunt ... aut iis, quae transferuntur et quasi alieno in loco collocantur, Cic. de Or. 3, 37, 149; cf.Quint. 8, 6, 5 sq.; 9, 1, 4: cum verbum aliquod altius transfertur, Cic. Or. 25, 82: translata verba atque immutata. Translata dico, ut saepe jam, quae per similitudinem ab aliā re aut suavitatis aut inopiae causā transferuntur, id. ib. 27, 92: intexunt fabulas, verba apertius transferunt, id. ib. 19, 65.—
   c Rhet. t. t.: translatum exordium est, quod aliud conficit, quam causae genus postulat, Cic. Inv. 1, 18, 26; cf. Quint. 4, 2, 71.—   3    To apply, make use of (for a new purpose, etc.): hoc animi vitium ad utilitatem non transferemus, Quint. 6, 2, 30; cf.: inde stellionum nomine in male translato, Plin. 30, 10, 27, § 89 Jan. (al. in maledictum; cf. 2. b. supra).—   4    To change, transform: omnia In species translata novas, Ov. M. 15, 420: civitas verterat se transtuleratque, Tac. H. 4, 11; cf.: cum ebur et robur in o litteram secundae syllabae transferunt, Quint. 1, 6, 22.
Charlton T. Lewis; Charles Short [1879], A Latin Dictionary; Founded on Andrews' edition of Freund's Latin dictionary

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